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Classifying AI Systems: Risk Classes, Roles, Duties
Learn how AI systems can be classified correctly and what obligations are associated with them.
Classifying AI Systems: Risk Classes, Roles, DutiesCompliance with legal requirements is a prerequisite for the safe and legally compliant use of artificial intelligence in companies. With the European AI Act, binding rules apply from 2024/2025 that have a direct effect in all EU states - whether you develop AI systems yourself or use market-ready solutions. Knowing the requirements early avoids legal risks and simultaneously strengthens the trust of customers and employees in the use of AI.
Since the August 2, 2026 the transparency obligations from Article 50 of the AI Act apply. Not only for developers but for every company that uses AI. Anyone operating a chatbot on the website, publishing AI-generated images or texts, or using synthetic voices in customer service must make this recognizable for users. The European Commission has compiled exactly what needs to be labelled:
The AI Omnibus comes into force: Since July 27, 2026, the amendment regulation to the AI Act applies: The obligations for high-risk systems apply only from December 2027 or August 2028, simplified documentation and proof obligations apply for SMEs.
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Grant Thornton Rechtsanwaltsgesellschaft mbH
Lawyer, Partner, and Head of IT/IP, Data Protection, Digital Innovation
„The regulation of artificial intelligence is crucial for innovation and risk minimization. "AI by (legal) design" reduces development costs, increases the marketability of AI products, and improves companies' competitiveness.“
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TÜV SÜD
Head of Digital Interaction & Lead AI Quality
„A comprehensive understanding of AI quality is essential to ensure compliance with legal regulations and standards and to scale one's AI activities.“
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JMU Würzburg
Chairholder of Criminal Law, Criminal Procedure Law, Legal Theory, Information Law, and Legal Informatics and member of the Bavarian AI Council
„AI should become a technology that does not harm, that helps, that provides benefit, that can be accepted and trusted. Laws can significantly contribute to ensuring that this trust has a secure foundation and is thus preserved in the long term.“
The regulation covers any company or organization that uses AI tools. Operators of AI systems are described in the AI Regulation as "natural or legal persons, authorities, institutions, or other entities that use an AI system under their own responsibility." This includes all professional applications. Only private, non-professional uses are exempt.
Thus, from February 2, 2025, Article 4 applies to all operators: sufficient AI competence of employees. How much further you need to go depends on what you use AI for. Take a closer look if you ...
use AI in personnel selection, credit checks, or critical infrastructure – such applications are considered high-risk according to Annex III, even with purchased tools,
operate in a regulated industry such as healthcare, financial services, or transportation,
work with personal data or copyrighted content,
develop or train your own AI systems – then you also apply as a provider, with significantly more extensive obligations.
The earlier you know the legal framework, the safer and quicker you can implement AI projects without having to make corrections later.
Training, workshops, and practical aids for implementing the AI Act. The Bavarian AI Innovation Accelerator is a project initially funded for two years by the Bavarian State Ministry for Digital Affairs. As part of the project, SMEs, startups, and the public sector in Bavaria are supported in complying with the European AI Regulation.
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Learn how AI systems can be classified correctly and what obligations are associated with them.
Classifying AI Systems: Risk Classes, Roles, DutiesEvent
This course explains all phases of AI Act compliance – from the scope examination to ongoing compliance.
Implementing the AI Act: Your Path to ComplianceEvent
The transparency rules according to Article 50 will apply from August 2026: Learn what the AI Act and the new Code of Practice require.
Article 50 in PracticeEvent
Discover where AI Act and GDPR intersect in practice, and what that means for your use of AI systems in everyday work.
AI Act and GDPR in Everyday Work:quality(85))
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The following approach has proven successful for many companies:
Step 1 – Check for impact: Clarify whether your company qualifies as an operator of an AI system within the meaning of the AI Regulation. This applies to any professional use of AI tools, regardless of company size or industry – only purely private use is exempt.
Step 2 – Carry out risk assessment: Assign your AI applications to the four risk levels of the AI Act, from harmless to unacceptable. This way, you can recognize which obligations apply specifically to you.
Step 3 – Ensure AI competence: Plan training measures for your employees in accordance with Article 4 of the AI Regulation – as an online course, face-to-face training, or self-study, suitable for the knowledge level and application area of your team. This not only meets the legal requirement: Trained employees recognize faulty AI results, use the systems more effectively, and assess more safely where use is sensible.
Step 4 – Obtain legal advice: Check especially in the case of self-developed AI systems as well as questions regarding data protection, copyright, and industry-specific requirements, whether you need legal support.
Step 5 – Regularly review the legal situation: Regulation is evolving dynamically. Follow current developments and continuously adapt your processes to remain compliant in the long term.
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